GLEDJAN CAKA , FATMIRE ZHONGA , AIDA DERVISHI
KEYWORDS : Testosterone, Fertility, Sperm, Level, Males.
ABSTRACT :
Infertility is defined as a reproductive disease where the woman cannot get pregnant after 12 months of regular unprotected sex. Globally, infertility affects nearly 15% of reproductive age couples. Even though it affects mostly women, men are risked by it as well, nearly up to 50% of infertility cases. Many factors, including but not limited to underlying diseases, lifestyle, environmental, genetics and age are closely related to damages to semen function. Three hormones are fundamentally related to fertility in males, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and testosterone. They are kept in balance by a series of checks and supporting pathways, but changes and incorrect signalling leads to hormonal instability resulting in damages to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis of the brain. Our study is focused on assessing the levels of these three hormones in males of the Albanian population. We analysed 45 patients over a period of three years from 2020 to 2022 who were randomly selected in the pool and were divided by age groups (from 20-43 years old) to better determine the normal range of hormones in the study and their effects on the male population. We determined that the age group 32-35 in 2020 had the highest peak level of testosterone, decreasing in the following years. The levels of the follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones showed no significant changes during the whole three years.